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    "what_it_is": "The de facto compute monopoly of the AI era"
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    "what_it_is": "Fabricates nearly all leading-edge AI chips"
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    "what_it_is": "Jamba models; Israeli NLP lineage"
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    "what_it_is": "Claude; safety-forward frontier lab"
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    "what_it_is": "Enterprise-focused LLMs; Cohere Labs research"
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    "name": "Google DeepMind",
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    "what_it_is": "Gemini, AlphaFold; the deepest research bench"
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    "what_it_is": "Llama open-weights line; superintelligence reorg"
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    "name": "Microsoft AI",
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    "what_it_is": "Copilot consumer AI; in-house MAI models"
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    "what_it_is": "Europe's frontier-model bet; open-weight heritage"
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    "what_it_is": "GPT/ChatGPT; the lab that consumerized frontier AI"
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    "what_it_is": "Murati's frontier lab; record seed financing"
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    "what_it_is": "Grok; compute-aggressive entrant"
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    "canonical": false,
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    "what_it_is": "Yi models; Kai-Fu Lee venture"
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    "name": "Alibaba (Qwen / Tongyi)",
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    "what_it_is": "Qwen open-weight family; cloud distribution"
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    "canonical": false,
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    "name": "Baidu (ERNIE)",
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    "what_it_is": "ERNIE Bot; earliest mover among CN platforms"
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    "what_it_is": "Early CN large-model research (WuDao); conference hub"
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    "name": "ByteDance Seed / Doubao",
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    "what_it_is": "Doubao models; largest CN consumer distribution"
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    "what_it_is": "Open frontier models at disruptive cost; R1 reasoning line"
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    "what_it_is": "Kimi long-context models"
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    "name": "Shanghai AI Laboratory",
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    "name": "Tencent (Hunyuan)",
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    "what_it_is": "Hunyuan models; WeChat distribution"
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    "name": "Zhipu AI (Z.ai)",
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    "what_it_is": "GLM family; Tsinghua lineage"
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    "what_it_is": "Japan's evaluation body under soft-law approach"
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    "what_it_is": "AI Principles; policy observatory; GPAI integrated"
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    "what_it_is": "AI Verify testing framework; pragmatic governance hub"
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    "name": "TNO",
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    "what_it_is": "Dutch applied research; public-sector AI auditing practice"
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    "name": "UK AI Security Institute (AISI)",
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    "what_it_is": "First state frontier-model evaluation body"
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    "name": "UN (Global Dialogue on AI Governance + Scientific Panel)",
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    "what_it_is": "Post-2024 UN AI governance track"
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    "name": "UNESCO",
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    "what_it_is": "Global AI ethics recommendation (193 states)"
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    "what_it_is": "US frontier evaluation body (renamed from US AISI 2025)"
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    "canonical": false,
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    "last_verified": "2026-06-14",
    "name": "Amazon / AWS",
    "region": "US",
    "what_it_is": "Bedrock; Anthropic investment; Trainium silicon"
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    "canonical": false,
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    "last_verified": "2026-06-14",
    "name": "Apple",
    "region": "US",
    "what_it_is": "On-device AI at consumer scale"
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    "canonical": false,
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    "last_verified": "2026-06-14",
    "name": "Google / Google Cloud",
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    "what_it_is": "TPU stack; Gemini distribution"
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